Suggested use: As a
dietary supplement, take 1 tablet three times daily.
Nitric Oxide:
Nitric Oxide is a very important signaling molecule that acts in
many tissues to regulate a wide range of physiological processes.
It
was first discovered several years ago by a group attempting to
identify the agent responsible for promoting blood vessel
relaxation and the regulation of vascular tone.
This
particular agent was named endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF),
and was initially assumed to be a protein like most of the other
signaling factors previously discovered.
The
discovery that EDRF was in fact nitric oxide, a small gaseous
molecule, has led to many publications over the years including
our AKG-VC discovery.
Our
scientist found that beside promoting blood vessel relaxation and
the regulation of vascular tone, NO plays a key role in many
biological processes including immune defense, neurotransmission,
and the regulation of cell death (apoptosis).
Since
NO is such a very small molecule, it is able to diffuse rapidly
across cell membranes. Depending on the conditions, it is able to
travel several hundred microns. Nitric oxide is produced by
enzymes known as nitric oxide syntheses (NOS).
Nitric Oxide Synthases:
Nitric Oxide is produced by a group of enzymes called nitric oxide
syntheses (NOS). These enzymes (present in body) convert the
arginine in our Arginine alpha-Ketoglutarate (AKG) into citrulline,
producing NO in the process. Oxygen and NADPH are necessary
co-factors. This pure and simple science starts with the correct
form of AKG.
There
are three isoforms of NOS, which have been named according to
their activity. They are neuronal NOS (nNOS), endothelial NOS (eNOS),
and inducible NOS (iNOS). Our scientists commonly refer to these
enzymes by number so that nNOS is known as NOS1, iNOS is NOS2, and
eNOS is NOS3. Although there are three names, these isoforms can
be found in a variety of tissues and cell types working toward the
same biological functions.
nNOS
& eNOS synthesizes nitric oxide in response to intracellular
calcium levels. In other words, like all NOS isoforms, its
activity is dependent on the binding of calmodulin. Increases in
cellular calcium lead to increases in levels of calmodulin and the
increased binding of calmodulin to eNOS and nNOS, which then leads
to a increase in NO production by these enzymes. The binding of
calmodulin is required for the activity of all the NOS isoforms to
convert our arginine alpha-Ketoglutarate to nitric oxide.
Physiological Roles of Nitric Oxide:
Since the initial discovery that NO is able to induce vasodilation,
a large number of other roles have also been found, as described
below.
Role in immune system:
NO can be produced by numerous cells involved in immune
response. In particular cytokine-activated macrophages can produce
high levels of NO in order to kill targeted cells such as tumors
and bacteria.
Role in inflammation:
NO has shown to act as a mediator of inflammatory processes. This
process has enhanced the effect of cyclooxygenases and stimulates
the production of pro-inflammatory eiconosoids.
Role in nervous system:
NO behaves as a neurotransmitter in the central and peripheral
nervous systems. Because of this function, is has shown to be
involved in regulating apoptosis in neurons.
Role in blood flow:
NO relaxes the smooth muscle in the walls of the arterioles. At
each systole, the complex endothelial cells that line the blood
vessels, will release a puff of NO, which then diffuses into the
underlying smooth muscle cells. This process causes these cells to
relax, which permits the surge of blood to pass through easily.
L-Arginine-alpha-Ketoglutarate:
This amino acid compound was discovered back in the 1980's, as
being a superior form for delivering L-Arginine to the human
system. RMC is the only domestic manufacture for this compound,
along with 21 other amino acids that are bound to alpha-Ketoglutarate.
Our
research scientist discovered that L-Arginine-alpha-Ketoglutarate
was a fuel for nitric oxide syntheses (NOS). In laymen’s terms, we
discovered a natural, non-drug method of creating nitric oxide in
the human body. This mechanism is complex, but the
trigger-mechanism is very elemental. In order to stimulate or
produce nitric oxide in the body, a terminal nitrogen atom must
combine with an oxygen molecule in the blood. An enzyme called
nitric oxide synthase controls this reaction and NADPH (a
niacin-containing redox-active electron storage compound),
mediates the reaction. The reaction is accomplished and controlled
by oral ingestion of L-Arginine-alpha-Ketoglutarate. To put it in
even simpler terms, our AKG-VC™ product equals nitric oxide
and NO equals muscle gains.
The
left-handed molecule, called L-Arginine, is the primary source for
nitric oxide in humans. When NO is produced in the body by this
process, scientist have referred to this as ADNO or Arginine-Derived-Nitric-Oxide.
Additional clinically proven benefits of pure Arginine are:
Improved blood flow in men with elevated serum cholesterol and
early coronary artery disease.
Circulation
Reduced pathological increases in the thickness of plaque-lined
walls in people with elevated cholesterol.
Circulation
Lowered plasma cholesterol levels in subjects with advanced
hypertension.
New England Journal of Medicine
Elderly patients oral treatments resulted in significant
improvement in lipid profiles, with no side effects.
Journal of Perenteral & Enternal
Nutrition
Enhanced coronary artery blood flow in heart patients.
Journal of the American College
of Cardiology
Improved blood-vessel relaxation
Circulation
L-Arginine-alpha-Ketoglutarate
has several other important functions besides the above.
Remember biology 101, which taught that this compound is
essential to the metabolism of ammonia that is generated from
protein breakdown and the transportation of nitrogen used in
muscle metabolism.
L-Arginine
also influences several hormone functions, like the stimulation to
the pituitary gland for the production of growth hormone. Human
growth hormone helps in muscle building, leading to increased
muscle size, strength, tone, and strengthening tendons and
ligaments.
Growth hormone, in general, decreases body fat and increases
metabolism, which results in more energy. Back in the 1980's a
book called Life Extension (Pearson & Shaw) proved that
adequate amounts of the amino acid L-Arginine did stimulate Growth
Hormone (Growth Factor Potentiator)production.
Optimum dosages of AKG-VC required for ADNO (Arginine-Derived-Nitric-Oxide)
are 3500 mg daily, divided into three equal dosages (One tablet,
three times daily).
pHCDTM System
Beside having a high quality, pharmaceutical grade L-Arginine-alpha-Ketoglutarate
the system behind AKG-V-C is dependent on the pHCD System
(pH-controlled, sustain-release delivery system). This complex
scientific delivery system is crucial for ADNO. The pH-sustained
release mechanism that our chemists have developed is the only way
to administer AKG into the human circulatory system by means of a
extended released mechanism. Being pH controlled also helps AKG-V-C
from degradation in the gastrointestinal tract, simply meaning
better bio-active production of ADNO.
